Flexibility from Combined Heat and Power: A Techno-Economic Study for Fully Renewable Åland Islands

As energy systems globally are transitioning into renewable energy, simultaneous targets of high self-sufficiency have led to complex system design proposals. While conventional technology solutions would reduce the complexity in theory, limitations potential outcome may exist. To address this dilemma, work quantified systemic value provided by a solution; biomass combined heat and power (CHP) production, terms economic feasibility, flexibility self-sufficiency. The analysis focused on integration Åland Islands, where synergetic island is heavily increasing wind capacity. considering local fuel resource availability, multiple alternative scenarios were constructed. evaluate scenarios, developed validated dispatch investment optimization model. results showed that studied approaches limited achievable sector (80.6%), however, considerably from present state (18.5%). Second, compared previous studies, indicated low CHP wind-based system. Instead, combination capacity power-to-heat enabled best feasibility self-sufficiency, which could be further improved lower electricity taxation.